15 May 2014
11 May 2014
有你的地方是天堂 (善歌)
您为我们播种阳光,您为我们阻挡风雨。成长路上,别人都关心我们飞得高不高,只有您关心我们累不累。今天是母亲节,祝各位妈妈母亲节快乐,健康平安,幸福安康!
[有妳的地方是天堂]
母親呦 妳像月亮 散發出 溫柔的光
我們像 迷途的羊 依偎在 妳的身旁
母親呦 妳的手掌 拍拍著 我們背上
為我們 輕輕的唱 讓我們 幸福成長
妳的愛 像月光 那麼溫柔又慈祥
在妳的 懷抱中 是最幸福的時光
妳的愛 像月光 給我溫暖和希望
有妳的地方是天堂
6 May 2014
Humans Are Biologically Herbivorous [人类天生就是草食性生物]
Humans Are Biologically Herbivorous [人类天生就是草食性生物] | ||||
Carnivores [食肉动物] | Omnivores [杂食动物] | Herbivores [食草动物] | Humans [人类] | |
Facial muscles | Reduced to allow wide mouth gape | Reduced | Well-developed | Well-developed |
Jaw type | Angle not expanded | Angle not expanded | Expanded angle | Expanded angle |
Jaw joint location | On same plane as molar teeth | On same plane as molar teeth | Above the plane of the molars | Above the plane of the molars |
Jaw motion | Shearing; minimal side-to-side motion | Shearing; minimal side-to-side motion | No shear; good side-to-side, front-to-back | No shear; good side-to-side, front-to-back |
Major jaw muscles | Temporalis | Temporalis | Masseter and ptergoids | Masseter and pterygoids |
Mouth opening vs. head size | Large | Large | Small | Small |
Teeth: Incisors | Short and pointed | Short and pointed | Broad, flattened and spade-shaped | Broad, flattened and spade-shaped |
Teeth: Canines | Long, sharp, and curved | Long, sharp and curved | Dull and short or long (for defense), or none | Short and blunted |
Teeth: Molars | Sharp, jagged and blade-shaped | Sharp blades and/or flattened | Flattened with cusps vs. complex surface | Flattened with nodular cusps |
Chewing | None; swallows food whole | Swallows food whole and/or simple crushing | Extensive chewing necessary | Extensive chewing necessary |
Saliva | No digestive enzymes | No digestive enzymes | Carbohydrate digesting enzymes | Carbohydrate digesting enzymes |
Stomach type | Simple | Simple | Simple or multiple chambers | Simple |
Stomach acidity with food in stomach | ≤ pH 1 | ≤ pH 1 | pH 4-5 | pH 4-5 |
Length of small intestine | 3-6 times body length | 4-6 times body length | 10-12+ times body length | 10-11 times body length* |
Colon | Simple, short, and smooth | Simple, short, and smooth | Long, complex; may be sacculated | Long, sacculated |
Liver | Can detoxify vitamin A | Can detoxify vitamin A | Cannot detoxify vitamin A | Cannot detoxify vitamin A |
Kidney | Extremely concentrated urine | Extremely concentrated urine | Moderately concentrated urine | Moderately concentrated urine |
Nails | Sharp claws | Sharp claws | Flattened nails or blunt hooves | Flattened nails |
Taken from The Comparative Anatomy of Eating, by Milton R. Mills, M.D.
* "Body length" measured from neck to anus, as with the other animals.
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